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“As a venue for innovation through integration, Black Flag is ultimately a deep-end testing arena to create and discover capabilities utilizing existing and emerging materiel,” said Lt. TIPs tested at Black Flag 21-1 included HH-60G Pave Hawk air-to-air survivability, F-35 emissions control tactics development, and continued tactics development and evaluation for the F-16 Fighting Falcon APG-83 AESA Radar, among others. This was the first official Black Flag since COMACC Plan 21 was signed in December 2020 to formalize the test event.īlack Flag focuses on testing and validating Tactics Improvement Proposals presented each year at the annual Weapons and Tactics Conference. Other successes include tests on multi-national F-35’s, command and control integration, strategic intelligence surveillance, and reconnaissance integration through all domains.
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“It has been tremendously successful.”Ī major Orange Flag success is the testing of F-35 Lightning II and F-22 Raptor integration with land-based long-range fires, naval fires, and space-based sensors without humans-in-the-loop. “Orange Flag started three years ago with the intent to assess integration of warfighting systems in a dense threat, operationally representative environment,” said Maj. Kill web integration included Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force and Space Force sensors and tactical networks, as well as legacy and emerging JADC2 nodes. This iteration of Orange Flag focused on two primary objectives: kill web integration and advanced survivability. “Due to the combined nature of the events, we were able to get both highly data driven developmental test objectives and more operationally-focused and accurate objectives completed for similar tests.” Clifford Peterson, mission commander of Black Flag 21-1. “By combining resources and some objectives with the Orange Flag enterprise, we were able to achieve desired test objectives at minimal cost to the government,” said Capt. The rationale of combining the planning process is simple: Orange Flag focuses on technical integration and innovation across a breadth of technology readiness levels, while Black Flag focuses on the tactical integration of more mature technologies.
Orange and black flag how to#
“The benefits of a combined Orange and Black Flag event include the test of materiel, technical, and tactical solutions in an integrated fashion, lower administrative overhead, and improved understanding of how to use tactics to multiply technical capabilities,” said Maj. Test execution took place during a Black Flag event and two separate Orange Flag’s. Orange Flag, the large force test event carried out three times annually by Air Force Test Center’s 412th Test Wing, combined with the 53rd Wing’s Black Flag, brought several firsts for the test community March 2-4.īoth central to achieving Joint All-Domain Command and Control, the two test capabilities combined their mission planning processes and streamlined test objective synthesis. Christine Saunders, Air Force Test Center Public Affairs and 1st Lt.
Orange and black flag manual#
This process required a small about of manual tweaking for colors on the border between green and blue.According to a recent USAF article, the USAF has recently combined two exercises - Orange Flag and Black Flag in order to accelerate change in operating in contested airspace.īy 2nd Lt. These 63 colors were then grouped into parent categories of white, black, red, blue, green and yellow using a simple algorithm to determine which parent color each shade most resembled. That reduced the number of distinct shades from 527 to 63. Because digital images are only approximations of the colors in the physical flags, we decided it was safe to further simplify these colors down to the traditional “web safe” palette of 216 possible colors. This yielded 527 different shades across 36.6 million pixels.
Orange and black flag code#
The complete code used to generate this data, which uses Mathematica 10, is available on the Wolfram Cloud.Īfter downloading the 196 flag images from, we added up the total number of pixels of each color. In perhaps the most famous example of two countries showing up somewhere wearing the same outfit, Liechtenstein and Haiti both arrived at the 1936 Olympics flying identical banners. Sometimes, it’s not just the colors that seem familiar.